Archeological studies have found that pyrolysis liquids, (thermochemical decomposition of organic material) was used in the time of the Neanderthal. Use of plant derivatives in agriculture dates back at least two millennia to ancient China, Eygpt, Greece and India. Smokewater has a long history. Japan uses it daily as a result of large amount of health claims relating to this product.

Africa used fire to enhance growth, resulting in production to the grain and protection against insect & fungal attack. Slash and burn techniques are practiced by many indigenous communities, converting forest into crops. Traditional Aborigines of Australia use fire as a low-cost method of cultivation.

Since the 1930's, smoke water has been used in agriculture as a fertilizer and growth promoting agent. Smokewater contains no poisonous or toxic ingredients. Future environmental concerns may highlight a new direction with pyrolysis liquids replacing synthetic chemicals in the form of pesticides and biocides. It is hoped that many mega trends of global policies will boost the use of plant based products. This product is suitable for modern farming as it speeds up and increses crop, and offers better control over disease.

 Application: 

 The typical consumption and dilution (in ratio of 1 part Smoke water to x part of water) is based on the following rules:  

•  For pest and microorganism control (10 days before planting)

          1:50x dilution at 1 litre/m²

• On a weekly basis and one week before planting and harvesting

          1:200x-400x dilution at 2-3 litre/m²

•  On a daily basis after planting

          1:1000x-1500x dilution at 1-2 litre/m² 

The above is our best estimate based on our experience.  For best effect, users might need to adjust the recommended values based on circumstances and natural conditions during planting. 

Additional tips for agricultural use: 

When using at 200x dilution, the solution can kill fungi but not beneficial bacteria. 

Applying a 20x solution to planting holes 10 days before planting should eliminate harmful microorganisms and parasitic nematodes in the soil.  Doing this will also encourage CO (if present in soil) to oxidize to CO2 which is good for plant photosynthesis. 

After planting, it is not recommended to use Smoke water at 20x-50x dilution. 

At 200x dilution, spraying or watering of Smoke water can repel pests and kill fungi effectively. 

If soil is starved of beneficial bacteria due to long-term use of pesticide and chemical fertilizers, add compost heap and Smoke water at 200x dilution to promote growth of beneficial bacteria and shorten composting time. 

Dilution of 500x can be applied directly onto fruits after fruiting to reduce fruit drop.  This may also improve the quality of the fruits after harvesting.

If necessary, dilute to 1000x and add commercial pesticide to the solution.  Doing this can reduce pesticide usage by 50% and control stubborn pests.

Application:  Water root zone

Crop:  Tomato

Function:  Prevent fungi problems

Dilution:  200xApplication:  Once a week

 Examples of use with specific crops

Crop:  Tomato

Dilution: 50x

Function:  Prevent nematode problems                                                                                                                                                                             

Application:  Water root zone

Crop:  Tomato

Function:  Prevent fungi problems

Dilution:  200x

Application:  Once a week

Crop:  Cucumber

Function:  Prevent root rot

Dilution:  100x-200x

Application:  Water root zone

Crop:  Cucumber

Function:  Prevent fungi problems

Dilution:  200x + 20 gram of mashed garlic

Application:  Once a week

Crop: Strawberry

Function:  Prevent nematode problems

Dilution:  200x

Application:  Once a week

Crop:  Pepper

Function:  Prevent nematode problems

Dilution: 1000x

Application:  On water plants and seedlings

Crop:  Short-term vegetables

Function:  Before new shoots emerge

Dilution:  100x-800x

Application:  Once every 5 days

Crop:  Kailan (Chinese broccoli)

Function:  On seedlings

Dilution:  1000x-2000x

Application:  Once a week

Crop: Pak Choy

Function:  On seedlings

Dilution:  300x

Application:  Once every 10 days

Crop:  Fruits and beans

Dilution:  500x before flowering; once only

Dilution:  300x after flowering; once every 2 weeks

Crop:  Chilli plant

Function:  Reduce flower drop and increase weight

Dilution:  200x-300x

Application:  Once every 10 days

Crop:  Corn

Dilution:  500x

Application:  Once every 10 days

Crop:  Orchid and roses

Function:  To promote flowering, reduce disease and improve colour luminance

Dilution:  200x-300x

Application:  Once a week

 

• 
•  

As highlighted earlier,

scientific research indicates, pyroligneous acid offers the following benefits:

• Eliminates nematodes - saving you plants from serious damage
• No poisonous or toxic ingredients  - no health risks to user
• Promotes healthy & balanced growth - better control of uniformity
• Use via hydroponics or irrigation - easy application methods
• Strengthens roots & leaves - protection builds up in leaves
• 100% Organic  - an alternative approach to unsafe chemicals
• Prevents diseases caused by bacteria - resulting in a stronger  plants
• Nourishes seeds & increase germination - achieving outstanding results
• Stimulates vegetable growth - producing better yields
• Repels insects & fungi on plants - allows plant to retain nutrients
• Promotes beneficial bacteria for composting - assisting nature
• Accelerates plant growth - time effective
• Fruit, vegetables & flowers - help achieve outstanding quality
• Facilitates composing - recycling & returning to nature

Description	Document
SMOKEWATER INFORMATION #1	SMOKEWATER INFORMATION #1
SMOKEWATER INFORMATION #2	SMOKEWATER INFORMATION #2
SMOKEWATER INFORMATION #3	SMOKEWATER INFORMATION #3
Smokewater Usage Rates	Smoke_water_usage_rates.pdf